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The first step toward putting your house up
for sale is to meet with a real estate agent at your home. What
we call the "listing appointment." But beforehand, it's
important to understand "who's who" and how brokers may
cooperate to sell your house.
Listing Broker or Listing Agent
An individual real estate broker whom the seller hires to represent
the seller through a contract called a "listing agreement".
The listing agent is associated with the listing broker. The listing
broker is directly paid the listing commission and then splits the
commission with the listing agent. (Although the broker and agent
may be two different individuals, the term "broker" is
used throughout the Guide for simplicity.)
Selling Broker or Selling Agent
In a "cooperative" sale, the house is listed by one broker
and a buyer is provided by another broker. The selling broker receives
the selling side of the commission. If the listing broker also produces
the buyer, then the listing broker receives both listing and selling
sides of the commission. A selling broker may have a signed buyer
representation agreement with a buyer and, therefore, represent
the buyer and not the seller. If the buyer's agent is a Long &
Foster agent, Long & Foster becomes a disclosed dual agent with
the consent of both buyer and seller.
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Before the listing appointment both the home
seller and the listing broker are busy While the home seller collects
a list of documents requested by the broker, the listing broker
studies recent neighborhood sales of homes comparable to yours,
and also comparable homes currently for sale.
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At the listing appointment, the listing broker
will want to inspect the house and yard to become familiar with
its special features.
You have probably enjoyed living in your home
and have been pleased with its many unique features. Your listing
broker will want to tell prospective buyers about the special features
of your home and neighborhood. Be ready to be specific about schools,
day-care, nearby Metro, and other desirable community features,
as well as home features not readily apparent.
Remember, prospective buyers will be "comparison
shopping" and keenly aware of subtle differences in houses
for sale in the area. Be sure to tell your listing broker why yours
is special--from any home remodeling to afternoon winter sunshine.
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After conferring with the listing broker on
market conditions, comparable nearby sales and listings, and available
financing, the home seller will set the listing or "asking"
price for the house.
A common definition of market value is: "What
a ready, willing and able buyer will pay, at a price a seller will
accept." Metropolitan area buyers are sophisticated. They've
already been shopping, and when they see your home they'll be comparing
features and financing.
There's a rule of thumb that says: "A house
priced more than 5% over market value discourages offers."
Buyers who can afford the price can get "more house" for
their money elsewhere. Buyers who cannot afford the price simply
won't look. This is why we say, "A house priced right is half
sold."
A fair market value will be determined by comparing
the property with similar properties which have recently sold and
(in some cases) with similar properties currently on the market.
Experience in the industry has proven this "market analysis"
approach is more accurate than the "replacement cost"
or "potential rental income" methods.
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Based on this sales price, the listing broker
will go through a worksheet that estimates the "net cash"
from the sale. Simply, this exercise subtracts anticipated charges
paid by the seller from the sales price. A copy of the "net
sheet" is left with the home seller. (An itemized list of typical
selling costs is presented in the "Settlement" chapter,
which is the stage when these charges are paid.)
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No sale can be completed without financing.
That is why it is generally to the home seller's advantage to appeal
to the greatest number of home buyers by accepting the greatest
range of financing plans. The listing broker will explain the basic
differences between VA (Veterans Administration), FHA (Federal Housing
Administration) and conventional financing, as well as explain "discount
points."
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A point is one percent of the amount of the
buyer's mortgage loan. For example, if a loan is $100,000, one point
is $1,000. Lenders charge points to increase the yield on their
loans. On all loans, home buyer and home seller may share the charges
by mutual agreement.
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To enable the listing broker to prepare a folder
of information on the property, the home seller needs to provide
a number of documents and information specific to the location and
jurisdiction. (This Property Profile is often left in the home for
the convenience of prospective selling brokers.) Because the list
is long, you can understand why it's best to collect the papers
before the listing appointment. These materials may include:
Pay-Off Notice
A letter signed by the home seller and mailed to the lender by the
listing broker to notify the lender of the intention to pay off
the mortgage in order to minimize prepayment of interest penalties
to the seller (Home seller should provide the broker with the lender's
address, loan balance, assumability, years remaining on present
mortgage, P.I.Tl. and the interest rate, if possible.)
Well and Septic Inspection
If property is on septic/well, current inspections by local health
authorities are required while home is occupied. Listing broker
will usually arrange after contract is ratified.
Order Lender Appraisal
Lenders usually require an appraisal to assure that the property
is adequate collateral for a loan. Appraisal may be ordered before
(paid by seller), but is more often done after an "offer to
purchase" is accepted (paid by buyer).
Assessments/Easements
Listing broker will ask home seller if any tax assessments or easements
exist on property that must be paid or included in purchase contract
and passed with the land when sold.
Property Taxes/Condominium Fees
Home seller provides record of property tax or condominium fee payments
which buyer will reimburse a pro-rata share to home seller at settlement.
Inspections
VA/FHA and most lenders of new mortgages require a termite inspection
certificate that shows house is free of infestation. If home seller
does not have a current certificate, then listing or selling broker
(depending on area) will arrange inspection at home seller's expense.
Sometimes a home inspection and radon testing will be ordered. Home
seller should also provide all information as to the physical condition
of the property, such as the presence of fire retardant plywood.
Utilities
Home seller should provide record of past 12 months utility bills,
including gas, electric, sewer, water, and trash where applicable.
Most buyers will want to know history of utility costs.
Helpful Documents
If possible, home seller should provide listing broker with deed,
house location survey, condominium bylaws or home owners association
documents, subdivision plat map, house floor plan, previous title
search abstracts, legal description of property (subdivision, section
and lot), home warranties on major systems, if still in effect,
and copy of home owners insurance policy for endorsement in purchase
contract.
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In anticipation of a buyer's offer, the home seller
must be ready to supply listing broker with a specific list of the
personal property that is included in the real estate property for
sale. Examples of items to "convey" may include: draperies,
drapery rods, remaining heating oil, firewood, washer, dryer, refrigerator,
stove, microwave, disposal, swimming pool chemicals, awnings, storm
doors and windows, screens, venetian blinds, shutters, window air
conditioner, etc. Home seller should tag or remove items which do
not convey.
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When the home seller is ready to put the house
on the market, the listing agreement is filled out indicating a
specific period of time the agreement is in effect ("listing
period"), and signed by the seller You've now hired a listing
broker and listing agent.
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What is a "Lockbox"?
A lockbox is a universal metal container for your house key that
is hung on the front door and can only be opened by a special key
carried by licensed sales agents. It provides access when the owner
is away, thus assuring full exposure to prospective buyers.
Do certain geographical areas have unique
home selling requirements?
Yes. Home selling requirements vary from county to county. Investigate
special taxes or other requirements applicable to the area in which
you live.
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